ArcTan[x, y] == (I/2) (1/(x Sqrt[1/x^2]) - 1) (Log[-y] - Log[y]) + ((Pi x)/(2 y)) Sqrt[y^2/x^2] - Sum[((-1)^k/(2 k + 1)) (x/y)^(2 k + 1), {k, 0, Infinity}] /; Abs[y] > Abs[x] && Element[y, Reals]

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<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' mathematica:form='TraditionalForm' xmlns:mathematica='http://www.wolfram.com/XML/'> <semantics> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mi> tan </mi> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> x </mi> <mo> , </mo> <mi> y </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#10869; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mfrac> <mi> &#8520; </mi> <mn> 2 </mn> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn> 1 </mn> <mrow> <msqrt> <mfrac> <mn> 1 </mn> <msup> <mi> x </mi> <mn> 2 </mn> </msup> </mfrac> </msqrt> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> x </mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi> log </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mi> y </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <mi> log </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> y </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow> <mi> &#960; </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> x </mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> y </mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msqrt> <mfrac> <msup> <mi> y </mi> <mn> 2 </mn> </msup> <msup> <mi> x </mi> <mn> 2 </mn> </msup> </mfrac> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <munderover> <mo> &#8721; </mo> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> = </mo> <mn> 0 </mn> </mrow> <mi> &#8734; </mi> </munderover> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> k </mi> </msup> <mtext> </mtext> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> k </mi> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mfrac> <mi> x </mi> <mi> y </mi> </mfrac> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> k </mi> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> /; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <semantics> <mo> &#10072; </mo> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> &quot;\[LeftBracketingBar]&quot; </annotation> </semantics> <mi> y </mi> <semantics> <mo> &#10072; </mo> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> &quot;\[RightBracketingBar]&quot; </annotation> </semantics> </mrow> <mo> &gt; </mo> <mrow> <semantics> <mo> &#10072; </mo> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> &quot;\[LeftBracketingBar]&quot; </annotation> </semantics> <mi> x </mi> <semantics> <mo> &#10072; </mo> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> &quot;\[RightBracketingBar]&quot; </annotation> </semantics> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> &#8743; </mo> <mrow> <mi> y </mi> <mo> &#8712; </mo> <semantics> <mi> &#8477; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[DoubleStruckCapitalR]&quot;, Function[Reals]] </annotation> </semantics> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <annotation-xml encoding='MathML-Content'> <apply> <ci> Condition </ci> <apply> <eq /> <apply> <arctan /> <ci> x </ci> <ci> y </ci> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <times /> <imaginaryi /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <power /> <apply> <power /> <ci> x </ci> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <cn type='rational'> 1 <sep /> 2 </cn> </apply> <ci> x </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <ln /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> y </ci> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <ln /> <ci> y </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <apply> <times /> <pi /> <ci> x </ci> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> y </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <ci> y </ci> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <power /> <ci> x </ci> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <cn type='rational'> 1 <sep /> 2 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <sum /> <bvar> <ci> k </ci> </bvar> <lowlimit> <cn type='integer'> 0 </cn> </lowlimit> <uplimit> <infinity /> </uplimit> <apply> <times /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <ci> x </ci> <apply> <power /> <ci> y </ci> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <and /> <apply> <gt /> <apply> <abs /> <ci> y </ci> </apply> <apply> <abs /> <ci> x </ci> </apply> </apply> <apply> <in /> <ci> y </ci> <reals /> </apply> </apply> </apply> </annotation-xml> </semantics> </math>

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2001-10-29