PolyGamma[n, -z] == (-1)^n PolyGamma[n, z] - Pi I KroneckerDelta[n] - (2 Pi I)^(n + 1) ((I Cot[Pi z] - 1)/2) Sum[((-1)^k k! StirlingS2[n, k] (I Cot[Pi z] + 1)^k)/2^k, {k, 0, n}] + n! z^(-n - 1) /; Element[n, Integers] && n >= 0

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<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' mathematica:form='TraditionalForm' xmlns:mathematica='http://www.wolfram.com/XML/'> <semantics> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <msup> <semantics> <mi> &#968; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[Psi]&quot;, PolyGamma] </annotation> </semantics> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> n </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mi> z </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#10869; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> n </mi> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <msup> <semantics> <mi> &#968; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[Psi]&quot;, PolyGamma] </annotation> </semantics> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> n </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> z </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi> n </mi> <mo> ! </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msup> <mi> z </mi> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <mi> &#960; </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> &#8520; </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msub> <semantics> <mi> &#948; </mi> <annotation-xml encoding='MathML-Content'> <ci> KroneckerDelta </ci> </annotation-xml> </semantics> <mi> n </mi> </msub> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn> 1 </mn> <mn> 2 </mn> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> &#960; </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> &#8520; </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi> n </mi> <mo> + </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi> &#8520; </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mi> cot </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> &#960; </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> z </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <munderover> <mo> &#8721; </mo> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> = </mo> <mn> 0 </mn> </mrow> <mi> n </mi> </munderover> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> k </mi> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> ! </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msubsup> <semantics> <mi> &#119982; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[ScriptCapitalS]&quot;, StirlingS2] </annotation> </semantics> <mi> n </mi> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> k </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi> &#8520; </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mi> cot </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> &#960; </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> z </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> k </mi> </msup> </mrow> <msup> <mn> 2 </mn> <mi> k </mi> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> /; </mo> <mrow> <mi> n </mi> <mo> &#8712; </mo> <mi> &#8469; </mi> </mrow> </mrow> <annotation-xml encoding='MathML-Content'> <apply> <ci> Condition </ci> <apply> <eq /> <apply> <ci> PolyGamma </ci> <ci> n </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> z </ci> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <apply> <ci> PolyGamma </ci> <ci> n </ci> <ci> z </ci> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <apply> <factorial /> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <apply> <power /> <ci> z </ci> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <pi /> <imaginaryi /> <apply> <ci> KroneckerDelta </ci> <ci> n </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='rational'> 1 <sep /> 2 </cn> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <pi /> <imaginaryi /> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <ci> n </ci> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <imaginaryi /> <apply> <cot /> <apply> <times /> <pi /> <ci> z </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> <apply> <sum /> <bvar> <ci> k </ci> </bvar> <lowlimit> <cn type='integer'> 0 </cn> </lowlimit> <uplimit> <ci> n </ci> </uplimit> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <apply> <factorial /> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <apply> <ci> StirlingS2 </ci> <ci> n </ci> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <imaginaryi /> <apply> <cot /> <apply> <times /> <pi /> <ci> z </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </apply> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <in /> <ci> n </ci> <ci> &#8469; </ci> </apply> </apply> </annotation-xml> </semantics> </math>

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2001-10-29