Indeterminate

Notations

Traditional name

Traditional notation

Mathematica StandardForm notation

Primary definition

Indeterminate is a symbol that represents a numerical quantity whose magnitude cannot be determined.

General characteristics

¿ is the special symbol. It represents an unknown or not exactly determined point (potentially with magnitude infinity) of the complex plane. Often it results from a double limit where two infinitesimal parameters approch zero at different speeds (e.g. (lim_(x->0,y->0))(x/y)).

Limit representations

Transformations

Related transformations

Complex characteristics

Real part

Imaginary part

Absolute value

Argument

Conjugate value

Differentiation

Low-order differentiation

Integration

Indefinite integration

Integral transforms

Fourier exp transforms

Inverse Fourier exp transforms

Fourier cos transforms

Fourier sin transforms

Laplace transforms

Inverse Laplace transforms

Representations through equivalent functions

History

– L'Hospital (1696) treated the sign (0/0) as an indeterminate value
– Johann Bernoulli (1704, 1730) discussed symbol (0/0)
– G.Cramer (1732) used special notation for (0/0).
– D`Alembert (1754) discussed symbol (0/0).

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