Coth[z] \[Proportional] -1 - 2 E^(2 z) (1 + O[E^(2 z)]) /; Re[z] < 0 && (Abs[z] -> Infinity)

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<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' mathematica:form='TraditionalForm' xmlns:mathematica='http://www.wolfram.com/XML/'> <semantics> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <mi> coth </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> z </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8733; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msup> <mi> &#8519; </mi> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> z </mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mn> 1 </mn> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <mi> O </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <msup> <mi> &#8519; </mi> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> z </mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> /; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <mi> Re </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> z </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &lt; </mo> <mn> 0 </mn> </mrow> <mo> &#8743; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <semantics> <mo> &#10072; </mo> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> &quot;\[LeftBracketingBar]&quot; </annotation> </semantics> <mi> z </mi> <semantics> <mo> &#10072; </mo> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> &quot;\[RightBracketingBar]&quot; </annotation> </semantics> </mrow> <semantics> <mo> &#8594; </mo> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> &quot;\[Rule]&quot; </annotation> </semantics> <mi> &#8734; </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <annotation-xml encoding='MathML-Content'> <apply> <ci> Condition </ci> <apply> <ci> Proportional </ci> <apply> <coth /> <ci> z </ci> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <apply> <power /> <exponentiale /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> z </ci> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <ci> O </ci> <apply> <power /> <exponentiale /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> z </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <and /> <apply> <lt /> <apply> <real /> <ci> z </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> 0 </cn> </apply> <apply> <ci> Rule </ci> <apply> <abs /> <ci> z </ci> </apply> <infinity /> </apply> </apply> </apply> </annotation-xml> </semantics> </math>

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2001-10-29