CosIntegral[z] \[Proportional] 2 I Pi Floor[Arg[z - x]/(2 Pi)] + CosIntegral[x] + (Cos[x]/x) (z - x) - ((Cos[x] + x Sin[x])/(2 x^2)) (z - x)^2 + O[(z - x)^3] /; Element[x, Reals] && x < 0

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<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' mathematica:form='TraditionalForm' xmlns:mathematica='http://www.wolfram.com/XML/'> <semantics> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <mi> Ci </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> z </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8733; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi> Ci </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> x </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> &#8520; </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> &#960; </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> &#8970; </mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi> arg </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> z </mi> <mo> - </mo> <mi> x </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> &#960; </mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> &#8971; </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi> cos </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> x </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> x </mi> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> z </mi> <mo> - </mo> <mi> x </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow> <mi> cos </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> x </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <mi> x </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mi> sin </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> x </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mtext> </mtext> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msup> <mi> x </mi> <mn> 2 </mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> z </mi> <mo> - </mo> <mi> x </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> </msup> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <mi> O </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> z </mi> <mo> - </mo> <mi> x </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mn> 3 </mn> </msup> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> /; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi> x </mi> <mo> &#8712; </mo> <semantics> <mi> &#8477; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[DoubleStruckCapitalR]&quot;, Function[Reals]] </annotation> </semantics> </mrow> <mo> &#8743; </mo> <mrow> <mi> x </mi> <mo> &lt; </mo> <mn> 0 </mn> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <annotation-xml encoding='MathML-Content'> <apply> <ci> Condition </ci> <apply> <ci> Proportional </ci> <apply> <ci> CosIntegral </ci> <ci> z </ci> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <ci> Ci </ci> <ci> x </ci> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <imaginaryi /> <pi /> <apply> <floor /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <arg /> <apply> <plus /> <ci> z </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> x </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <pi /> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <cos /> <ci> x </ci> </apply> <apply> <power /> <ci> x </ci> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <ci> z </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> x </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <cos /> <ci> x </ci> </apply> <apply> <times /> <ci> x </ci> <apply> <sin /> <ci> x </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <apply> <power /> <ci> x </ci> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <plus /> <ci> z </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> x </ci> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <ci> O </ci> <apply> <power /> <apply> <plus /> <ci> z </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> x </ci> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> 3 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <and /> <apply> <in /> <ci> x </ci> <reals /> </apply> <apply> <lt /> <ci> x </ci> <cn type='integer'> 0 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> </annotation-xml> </semantics> </math>

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2007-05-02