LegendreQ[n, z] == (-1)^n ((1/2) (Log[1 + z] - Log[1 - z]) + PolyGamma[n + 1]) Sum[((Pochhammer[-n, k] Pochhammer[n + 1, k])/k!^2) ((z + 1)/2)^k, {k, 0, n}] - (-1)^n Sum[(((n + k)! PolyGamma[k + 1])/(k!^2 (n - k)!)) (-((z + 1)/2))^k, {k, 0, n}] /; Element[n, Integers] && n >= 0

Cell[BoxData[RowBox[List[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["LegendreQ", "[", RowBox[List["n", ",", "z"]], "]"]], "\[Equal]", RowBox[List[RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["-", "1"]], ")"]], "n"], RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[RowBox[List[FractionBox["1", "2"], RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["Log", "[", RowBox[List["1", "+", "z"]], "]"]], "-", RowBox[List["Log", "[", RowBox[List["1", "-", "z"]], "]"]]]], ")"]]]], "+", RowBox[List["PolyGamma", "[", RowBox[List["n", "+", "1"]], "]"]]]], ")"]], RowBox[List[UnderoverscriptBox["\[Sum]", RowBox[List["k", "=", "0"]], "n"], RowBox[List[FractionBox[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["Pochhammer", "[", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["-", "n"]], ",", "k"]], "]"]], " ", RowBox[List["Pochhammer", "[", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["n", "+", "1"]], ",", "k"]], "]"]], " "]], SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["k", "!"]], "2"]], SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["(", FractionBox[RowBox[List["z", "+", "1"]], "2"], ")"]], "k"]]]]]]], " ", "-", RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["-", "1"]], ")"]], "n"], RowBox[List[UnderoverscriptBox["\[Sum]", RowBox[List["k", "=", "0"]], "n"], RowBox[List[FractionBox[RowBox[List[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["n", "+", "k"]], ")"]], "!"]], " ", RowBox[List["PolyGamma", "[", RowBox[List["k", "+", "1"]], "]"]]]], RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["k", "!"]], "2"], " ", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["n", "-", "k"]], ")"]], "!"]]]]], SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["-", FractionBox[RowBox[List["z", "+", "1"]], "2"]]], ")"]], "k"]]]]]]]]]]], "/;", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["n", "\[Element]", "Integers"]], "\[And]", RowBox[List["n", "\[GreaterEqual]", "0"]]]]]]]]

<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' mathematica:form='TraditionalForm' xmlns:mathematica='http://www.wolfram.com/XML/'> <semantics> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <msub> <semantics> <mi> Q </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;Q&quot;, LegendreQ] </annotation> </semantics> <mi> n </mi> </msub> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> z </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#10869; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> n </mi> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn> 1 </mn> <mn> 2 </mn> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi> log </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mn> 1 </mn> <mo> + </mo> <mi> z </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <mi> log </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mn> 1 </mn> <mo> - </mo> <mi> z </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <semantics> <mi> &#968; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[Psi]&quot;, PolyGamma] </annotation> </semantics> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> n </mi> <mo> + </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <munderover> <mo> &#8721; </mo> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> = </mo> <mn> 0 </mn> </mrow> <mi> n </mi> </munderover> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <semantics> <msub> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> k </mi> </msub> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[SubscriptBox[RowBox[List[&quot;(&quot;, RowBox[List[&quot;-&quot;, &quot;n&quot;]], &quot;)&quot;]], &quot;k&quot;], Pochhammer] </annotation> </semantics> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <semantics> <msub> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> n </mi> <mo> + </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> k </mi> </msub> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[SubscriptBox[RowBox[List[&quot;(&quot;, RowBox[List[&quot;n&quot;, &quot;+&quot;, &quot;1&quot;]], &quot;)&quot;]], &quot;k&quot;], Pochhammer] </annotation> </semantics> </mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> ! </mo> </mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> </msup> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi> z </mi> <mo> + </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> </mfrac> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> k </mi> </msup> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> n </mi> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <munderover> <mo> &#8721; </mo> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> = </mo> <mn> 0 </mn> </mrow> <mi> n </mi> </munderover> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> + </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> ! </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <semantics> <mi> &#968; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[Psi]&quot;, PolyGamma] </annotation> </semantics> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> + </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> ! </mo> </mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> n </mi> <mo> - </mo> <mi> k </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> ! </mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi> z </mi> <mo> + </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> k </mi> </msup> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> /; </mo> <mrow> <mi> n </mi> <mo> &#8712; </mo> <mi> &#8469; </mi> </mrow> </mrow> <annotation-xml encoding='MathML-Content'> <apply> <ci> Condition </ci> <apply> <eq /> <apply> <ci> LegendreQ </ci> <ci> n </ci> <ci> z </ci> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='rational'> 1 <sep /> 2 </cn> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <ln /> <apply> <plus /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <ci> z </ci> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <ln /> <apply> <plus /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> z </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <ci> PolyGamma </ci> <apply> <plus /> <ci> n </ci> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <sum /> <bvar> <ci> k </ci> </bvar> <lowlimit> <cn type='integer'> 0 </cn> </lowlimit> <uplimit> <ci> n </ci> </uplimit> <apply> <times /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <ci> Pochhammer </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <apply> <ci> Pochhammer </ci> <apply> <plus /> <ci> n </ci> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </apply> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <power /> <apply> <factorial /> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <plus /> <ci> z </ci> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </apply> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <ci> k </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <apply> <sum /> <bvar> <ci> k </ci> </bvar> <lowlimit> <cn type='integer'> 0 </cn> </lowlimit> <uplimit> <ci> n </ci> </uplimit> <apply> <times /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <factorial /> <apply> <plus /> <ci> k </ci> <ci> n </ci> </apply> </apply> <apply> <ci> PolyGamma </ci> <apply> <plus /> <ci> k </ci> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <apply> <factorial /> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> </apply> <apply> <factorial /> <apply> <plus /> <ci> n </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <apply> <plus /> <ci> z </ci> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </apply> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> <ci> k </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <in /> <ci> n </ci> <ci> &#8469; </ci> </apply> </apply> </annotation-xml> </semantics> </math>

Cell[BoxData[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["HoldPattern", "[", RowBox[List["LegendreQ", "[", RowBox[List["n_", ",", "z_"]], "]"]], "]"]], "\[RuleDelayed]", RowBox[List[RowBox[List[RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["-", "1"]], ")"]], "n"], " ", RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[RowBox[List[FractionBox["1", "2"], " ", RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["Log", "[", RowBox[List["1", "+", "z"]], "]"]], "-", RowBox[List["Log", "[", RowBox[List["1", "-", "z"]], "]"]]]], ")"]]]], "+", RowBox[List["PolyGamma", "[", RowBox[List["n", "+", "1"]], "]"]]]], ")"]], " ", RowBox[List[UnderoverscriptBox["\[Sum]", RowBox[List["k", "=", "0"]], "n"], FractionBox[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["Pochhammer", "[", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["-", "n"]], ",", "k"]], "]"]], " ", RowBox[List["Pochhammer", "[", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["n", "+", "1"]], ",", "k"]], "]"]]]], ")"]], " ", SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["(", FractionBox[RowBox[List["z", "+", "1"]], "2"], ")"]], "k"]]], SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["k", "!"]], ")"]], "2"]]]]]], "-", RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["-", "1"]], ")"]], "n"], " ", RowBox[List[UnderoverscriptBox["\[Sum]", RowBox[List["k", "=", "0"]], "n"], FractionBox[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["n", "+", "k"]], ")"]], "!"]], " ", RowBox[List["PolyGamma", "[", RowBox[List["k", "+", "1"]], "]"]]]], ")"]], " ", SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["-", FractionBox["1", "2"]]], " ", RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["z", "+", "1"]], ")"]]]], ")"]], "k"]]], RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["k", "!"]], ")"]], "2"], " ", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["n", "-", "k"]], ")"]], "!"]]]]]]]]]]], "/;", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["n", "\[Element]", "Integers"]], "&&", RowBox[List["n", "\[GreaterEqual]", "0"]]]]]]]]]]

2001-10-29