ArcTan[z^n] == (Pi/4) (1 + (-1)^n) + Sum[(-1)^(k - 1) ArcTan[(z - Cos[(2 k - 1) (Pi/(2 n))])/ Sin[(2 k - 1) (Pi/(2 n))]], {k, 1, n}] /; Abs[z] < 1 && Element[n, Integers] && n > 0

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<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' mathematica:form='TraditionalForm' xmlns:mathematica='http://www.wolfram.com/XML/'> <semantics> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mi> tan </mi> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo> ( </mo> <msup> <mi> z </mi> <mi> n </mi> </msup> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#10869; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mfrac> <mi> &#960; </mi> <mn> 4 </mn> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mn> 1 </mn> <mo> + </mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> n </mi> </msup> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <munderover> <mo> &#8721; </mo> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> = </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mi> n </mi> </munderover> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <msup> <mi> tan </mi> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo> ( </mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi> z </mi> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <mi> cos </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> k </mi> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> &#960; </mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi> sin </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> k </mi> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> &#960; </mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> /; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <semantics> <mo> &#10072; </mo> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> &quot;\[LeftBracketingBar]&quot; </annotation> </semantics> <mi> z </mi> <semantics> <mo> &#10072; </mo> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> &quot;\[RightBracketingBar]&quot; </annotation> </semantics> </mrow> <mo> &lt; </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> &#8743; </mo> <mrow> <mi> n </mi> <mo> &#8712; </mo> <msup> <mi> &#8469; </mi> <mo> + </mo> </msup> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <annotation-xml encoding='MathML-Content'> <apply> <ci> Condition </ci> <apply> <eq /> <apply> <arctan /> <apply> <power /> <ci> z </ci> <ci> n </ci> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <times /> <pi /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> 4 </cn> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <sum /> <bvar> <ci> k </ci> </bvar> <lowlimit> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </lowlimit> <uplimit> <ci> n </ci> </uplimit> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <plus /> <ci> k </ci> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <arctan /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <plus /> <ci> z </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <cos /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> <pi /> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <sin /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> <pi /> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <and /> <apply> <lt /> <apply> <abs /> <ci> z </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </apply> <apply> <in /> <ci> n </ci> <apply> <ci> SuperPlus </ci> <ci> &#8469; </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </annotation-xml> </semantics> </math>

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2001-10-29