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variants of this functions
PolyGamma




Mathematica Notation

Traditional Notation









Gamma, Beta, Erf > PolyGamma[nu,z] > Specific values > Values at fixed points





http://functions.wolfram.com/06.15.03.0057.01









  


  








Input Form





PolyGamma[-2 n, -(1/2)] == -((BernoulliB[2 n] Log[2])/(2^(2 n) n (-1 + 2 n)!)) - ((2^(2 n - 1) - 1) Derivative[1][Zeta][-2 n + 1])/ (2^(2 n - 1) (-1 + 2 n)!) - (1/(2^(2 n - 1) (-1 + 2 n)!)) (EulerGamma + EulerGamma/(4 n) - I Pi + Log[2] + PolyGamma[2 n] + Sum[(-1)^k Binomial[-1 + 2 n, k] 2^k (Sum[((-1 + 2^(j - k)) Binomial[k, j] PolyGamma[1 - j + k] Zeta[j - k])/2^j, {j, 0, k}] - PolyGamma[1 + k] Zeta[-k] - Derivative[1][Zeta][-k]), {k, 0, -1 + 2 n}]) /; Element[n, Integers] && n > 0








Standard Form





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MathML Form







<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' mathematica:form='TraditionalForm' xmlns:mathematica='http://www.wolfram.com/XML/'> <semantics> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <msup> <semantics> <mi> &#968; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[Psi]&quot;, PolyGamma] </annotation> </semantics> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 2 </mn> </mrow> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mfrac> <mn> 1 </mn> <mn> 2 </mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#63449; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <semantics> <mi> B </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;B&quot;, BernoulliB] </annotation> </semantics> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mi> log </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mn> 2 </mn> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> ! </mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn> 1 </mn> <mrow> <msup> <mn> 2 </mn> <mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> ! </mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <semantics> <mi> &#8509; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[DoubledGamma]&quot;, Function[List[], EulerGamma]] </annotation> </semantics> <mo> + </mo> <mfrac> <semantics> <mi> &#8509; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[DoubledGamma]&quot;, Function[List[], EulerGamma]] </annotation> </semantics> <mrow> <mn> 4 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <mi> &#8520; </mi> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> &#960; </mi> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <mi> log </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <semantics> <mi> &#968; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[Psi]&quot;, PolyGamma] </annotation> </semantics> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <munderover> <mo> &#8721; </mo> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> = </mo> <mn> 0 </mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </munderover> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> k </mi> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <semantics> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mi> k </mi> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[RowBox[List[&quot;(&quot;, GridBox[List[List[TagBox[RowBox[List[RowBox[List[&quot;2&quot;, &quot; &quot;, &quot;n&quot;]], &quot;-&quot;, &quot;1&quot;]], Identity, Rule[Editable, True]]], List[TagBox[&quot;k&quot;, Identity, Rule[Editable, True]]]]], &quot;)&quot;]], InterpretTemplate[Function[Binomial[Slot[1], Slot[2]]]], Rule[Editable, False]] </annotation> </semantics> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msup> <mn> 2 </mn> <mi> k </mi> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <munderover> <mo> &#8721; </mo> <mrow> <mi> j </mi> <mo> = </mo> <mn> 0 </mn> </mrow> <mi> k </mi> </munderover> <mrow> <msup> <mn> 2 </mn> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mi> j </mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <msup> <mn> 2 </mn> <mrow> <mi> j </mi> <mo> - </mo> <mi> k </mi> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <semantics> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mi> k </mi> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mi> j </mi> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[RowBox[List[&quot;(&quot;, GridBox[List[List[TagBox[&quot;k&quot;, Identity, Rule[Editable, True]]], List[TagBox[&quot;j&quot;, Identity, Rule[Editable, True]]]]], &quot;)&quot;]], InterpretTemplate[Function[Binomial[Slot[1], Slot[2]]]], Rule[Editable, False]] </annotation> </semantics> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <semantics> <mi> &#968; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[Psi]&quot;, PolyGamma] </annotation> </semantics> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mi> j </mi> </mrow> <mo> + </mo> <mi> k </mi> <mo> + </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <semantics> <mrow> <mi> &#950; </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> j </mi> <mo> - </mo> <mi> k </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[RowBox[List[&quot;\[Zeta]&quot;, &quot;(&quot;, TagBox[RowBox[List[&quot;j&quot;, &quot;-&quot;, &quot;k&quot;]], Zeta, Rule[Editable, True]], &quot;)&quot;]], InterpretTemplate[Function[BoxForm`e$, Zeta[BoxForm`e$]]]] </annotation> </semantics> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <semantics> <mi> &#968; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[Psi]&quot;, PolyGamma] </annotation> </semantics> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mi> k </mi> <mo> + </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <semantics> <mrow> <mi> &#950; </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mi> k </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[RowBox[List[&quot;\[Zeta]&quot;, &quot;(&quot;, TagBox[RowBox[List[&quot;-&quot;, &quot;k&quot;]], Zeta, Rule[Editable, True]], &quot;)&quot;]], InterpretTemplate[Function[BoxForm`e$, Zeta[BoxForm`e$]]]] </annotation> </semantics> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <msup> <mi> &#950; </mi> <mo> &#8242; </mo> </msup> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mi> k </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mn> 2 </mn> <mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mn> 2 </mn> <mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> ! </mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <msup> <mi> &#950; </mi> <mo> &#8242; </mo> </msup> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mn> 1 </mn> <mo> - </mo> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> n </mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> /; </mo> <mrow> <mi> n </mi> <mo> &#8712; </mo> <msup> <semantics> <mi> &#8469; </mi> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> TagBox[&quot;\[DoubleStruckCapitalN]&quot;, Function[List[], Integers]] </annotation> </semantics> <mo> + </mo> </msup> </mrow> </mrow> <annotation-xml encoding='MathML-Content'> <apply> <ci> Condition </ci> <apply> <eq /> <apply> <ci> PolyGamma </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <cn type='rational'> 1 <sep /> 2 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <apply> <ci> BernoulliB </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> </apply> <apply> <ln /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> </apply> <ci> n </ci> <apply> <factorial /> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <factorial /> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <eulergamma /> <apply> <times /> <eulergamma /> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 4 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <imaginaryi /> <pi /> </apply> </apply> <apply> <ln /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> </apply> <apply> <ci> PolyGamma </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> </apply> <apply> <sum /> <bvar> <ci> k </ci> </bvar> <lowlimit> <cn type='integer'> 0 </cn> </lowlimit> <uplimit> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </uplimit> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <apply> <ci> Binomial </ci> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> <apply> <sum /> <bvar> <ci> j </ci> </bvar> <lowlimit> <cn type='integer'> 0 </cn> </lowlimit> <uplimit> <ci> k </ci> </uplimit> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> j </ci> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <apply> <plus /> <ci> j </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <ci> Binomial </ci> <ci> k </ci> <ci> j </ci> </apply> <apply> <ci> PolyGamma </ci> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> j </ci> </apply> <ci> k </ci> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <ci> Zeta </ci> <apply> <plus /> <ci> j </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <apply> <ci> PolyGamma </ci> <apply> <plus /> <ci> k </ci> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <ci> Zeta </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <ci> D </ci> <apply> <ci> Zeta </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> k </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <factorial /> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <ci> D </ci> <apply> <ci> Zeta </ci> <apply> <plus /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <ci> n </ci> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <in /> <ci> n </ci> <apply> <ci> SuperPlus </ci> <integers /> </apply> </apply> </apply> </annotation-xml> </semantics> </math>










Rule Form





Cell[BoxData[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["HoldPattern", "[", RowBox[List["PolyGamma", "[", RowBox[List[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["-", "2"]], " ", "n_"]], ",", RowBox[List["-", FractionBox["1", "2"]]]]], "]"]], "]"]], "\[RuleDelayed]", RowBox[List[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["-", FractionBox[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["BernoulliB", "[", RowBox[List["2", " ", "n"]], "]"]], " ", RowBox[List["Log", "[", "2", "]"]]]], RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox["2", RowBox[List["2", " ", "n"]]], " ", "n", " ", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["-", "1"]], "+", RowBox[List["2", " ", "n"]]]], ")"]], "!"]]]]]]], "-", FractionBox[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox["2", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["2", " ", "n"]], "-", "1"]]], "-", "1"]], ")"]], " ", RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox["Zeta", "\[Prime]", Rule[MultilineFunction, None]], "[", RowBox[List[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["-", "2"]], " ", "n"]], "+", "1"]], "]"]]]], RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox["2", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["2", " ", "n"]], "-", "1"]]], " ", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["-", "1"]], "+", RowBox[List["2", " ", "n"]]]], ")"]], "!"]]]]], "-", FractionBox[RowBox[List["EulerGamma", "+", FractionBox["EulerGamma", RowBox[List["4", " ", "n"]]], "-", RowBox[List["\[ImaginaryI]", " ", "\[Pi]"]], "+", RowBox[List["Log", "[", "2", "]"]], "+", RowBox[List["PolyGamma", "[", RowBox[List["2", " ", "n"]], "]"]], "+", RowBox[List[UnderoverscriptBox["\[Sum]", RowBox[List["k", "=", "0"]], RowBox[List[RowBox[List["-", "1"]], "+", RowBox[List["2", " ", "n"]]]]], RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List["-", "1"]], ")"]], "k"], " ", RowBox[List["Binomial", "[", RowBox[List[RowBox[List[RowBox[List["-", "1"]], "+", RowBox[List["2", " ", "n"]]]], ",", "k"]], "]"]], " ", SuperscriptBox["2", "k"], " ", RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[RowBox[List[UnderoverscriptBox["\[Sum]", RowBox[List["j", "=", "0"]], "k"], RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox["2", RowBox[List["-", "j"]]], " ", RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["-", "1"]], "+", SuperscriptBox["2", RowBox[List["j", "-", "k"]]]]], ")"]], " ", RowBox[List["Binomial", "[", RowBox[List["k", ",", "j"]], "]"]], " ", RowBox[List["PolyGamma", "[", RowBox[List["1", "-", "j", "+", "k"]], "]"]], " ", RowBox[List["Zeta", "[", RowBox[List["j", "-", "k"]], "]"]]]]]], "-", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["PolyGamma", "[", RowBox[List["1", "+", "k"]], "]"]], " ", RowBox[List["Zeta", "[", RowBox[List["-", "k"]], "]"]]]], "-", RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox["Zeta", "\[Prime]", Rule[MultilineFunction, None]], "[", RowBox[List["-", "k"]], "]"]]]], ")"]]]]]]]], RowBox[List[SuperscriptBox["2", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["2", " ", "n"]], "-", "1"]]], " ", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["(", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["-", "1"]], "+", RowBox[List["2", " ", "n"]]]], ")"]], "!"]]]]]]], "/;", RowBox[List[RowBox[List["n", "\[Element]", "Integers"]], "&&", RowBox[List["n", ">", "0"]]]]]]]]]]


Date Added to functions.wolfram.com (modification date)





2007-05-02