Subfactorial[z] \[Proportional] ((-1)^z/z) (1 - 2/z + 5/z^2 + O[1/z^3]) + Sqrt[2 Pi] Sqrt[z] z^z E^(-z - 1) (1 + 1/(12 z) + 1/(288 z^2) + O[1/z^3]) /; (Abs[z] -> Infinity)

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<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' mathematica:form='TraditionalForm' xmlns:mathematica='http://www.wolfram.com/XML/'> <semantics> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <mi> Subfactorial </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mi> z </mi> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mo> &#8733; </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mi> &#8519; </mi> <mrow> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mi> z </mi> </mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn> 2 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> &#960; </mi> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msqrt> <mi> z </mi> </msqrt> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msup> <mi> z </mi> <mi> z </mi> </msup> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mn> 1 </mn> <mo> + </mo> <mfrac> <mn> 1 </mn> <mrow> <mn> 12 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mi> z </mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> + </mo> <mfrac> <mn> 1 </mn> <mrow> <mn> 288 </mn> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <msup> <mi> z </mi> <mn> 2 </mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <mi> O </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mfrac> <mn> 1 </mn> <msup> <mi> z </mi> <mn> 3 </mn> </msup> </mfrac> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mtext> </mtext> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <msup> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mo> - </mo> <mn> 1 </mn> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> <mi> z </mi> </msup> <mi> z </mi> </mfrac> <mo> &#8290; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mn> 1 </mn> <mo> - </mo> <mfrac> <mn> 2 </mn> <mi> z </mi> </mfrac> <mo> + </mo> <mfrac> <mn> 5 </mn> <msup> <mi> z </mi> <mn> 2 </mn> </msup> </mfrac> <mo> + </mo> <mrow> <mi> O </mi> <mo> &#8289; </mo> <mo> ( </mo> <mfrac> <mn> 1 </mn> <msup> <mi> z </mi> <mn> 3 </mn> </msup> </mfrac> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo> /; </mo> <mrow> <mo> ( </mo> <mrow> <mrow> <semantics> <mo> &#10072; </mo> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> &quot;\[LeftBracketingBar]&quot; </annotation> </semantics> <mi> z </mi> <semantics> <mo> &#10072; </mo> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> &quot;\[RightBracketingBar]&quot; </annotation> </semantics> </mrow> <semantics> <mo> &#8594; </mo> <annotation encoding='Mathematica'> &quot;\[Rule]&quot; </annotation> </semantics> <mi> &#8734; </mi> </mrow> <mo> ) </mo> </mrow> </mrow> <annotation-xml encoding='MathML-Content'> <apply> <ci> Condition </ci> <apply> <ci> Proportional </ci> <apply> <ci> Subfactorial </ci> <ci> z </ci> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <exponentiale /> <apply> <plus /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> z </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <pi /> </apply> <cn type='rational'> 1 <sep /> 2 </cn> </apply> <apply> <power /> <ci> z </ci> <cn type='rational'> 1 <sep /> 2 </cn> </apply> <apply> <power /> <ci> z </ci> <ci> z </ci> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 12 </cn> <ci> z </ci> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <power /> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 288 </cn> <apply> <power /> <ci> z </ci> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> </apply> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <ci> O </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <power /> <apply> <power /> <ci> z </ci> <cn type='integer'> 3 </cn> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <apply> <times /> <apply> <power /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <ci> z </ci> </apply> <apply> <power /> <ci> z </ci> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <plus /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> <apply> <power /> <ci> z </ci> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 5 </cn> <apply> <power /> <apply> <power /> <ci> z </ci> <cn type='integer'> 2 </cn> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> <apply> <ci> O </ci> <apply> <times /> <cn type='integer'> 1 </cn> <apply> <power /> <apply> <power /> <ci> z </ci> <cn type='integer'> 3 </cn> </apply> <cn type='integer'> -1 </cn> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> </apply> <apply> <ci> Rule </ci> <apply> <abs /> <ci> z </ci> </apply> <infinity /> </apply> </apply> </annotation-xml> </semantics> </math>

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2007-05-02